Surgical site infection (SSI) prevention is an essential component of surgical practice. The bullet points of Guideline for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection have been updated for the first time in its 2017 edition, which adapted the levels of evidence and grades of recommendations mainly targeting toward 14 core areas of surgical practice based on the most comprehensive and extensive as well as the latest data of evidence-based medicine, and finally developed 42 sets of guideline recommendations that include the commonly used skin preparation, sterile surgical masks, and prophylactic use of antibiotics, etc.. The new guideline version relatively fully reflects the newest and most authoritative point of view on SSI prevention, and not only renovated the clinical procedure standards, but also may help frontline physicians renew their concept on surgical infections. So the authors interpret the important viewpoints of the new guideline.