Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of simple resection of the affected bile ducts for right-sided regional hepatolithiasis. Methods: The clinical data of 19 patients with right-sided regional hepatolithiasis undergoing simple resection of the affected bile ducts from November 2008 to November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 19 patients, 8 cases were males and 11 cases were females; 9 cases had a history of biliary surgery, and stones in all cases were locally distributed in the third-order or more proximal bile ducts of the hepatic segment V, VI or VII. All patients underwent simple resection of the affected bile ducts, namely, excision of the affected bile ducts along with the surroundings impaired hepatic tissues after determination of the location of the root of the affected bile ducts and range of the stones according to preoperative imaging data and intraoperative ultrasound examination, without routine cholecystectomy and biliary drainage. The intraoperative blood loss was 100-500 mL, operative time was 2–4.5 h, and time of total hepatic inflow occlusion was 10–20 min. Bile leakage occurred in three cases, and pleural effusion, subphrenic abscess and residual stones were found in one case each after operation; no death occurred during hospitalization. Seventeen patients were followed up for 3–72 months, two patients had suspicious stone recurrence found by CT and MRI examination, but no clinical symptoms or stone recurrence was noted in the remaining patients, and the rate of excellent quality of life was 88.2%. Conclusion: Simple resection of the affected bile ducts may have a good effect in patients with stones locally distributed in the third-order or more proximal bile ducts of the hepatic segment V, VI or VII.